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Group 5:
Fruits. Regulating function.
The importance of fruit
in the diet is similar to the foods included in Group 4 (vegetables
and green vegetables). Fruits are rich in saccharose, fructose,
and glucose sugar but have few calories.
Group 6:
Cereals and derivatives, sugar and sweets.
Ener-
gy function. The carbohydrates contained in cereals are richer in
calories (the more dense and nutritional cereals, which are richer
than other sources of carbohydrates). Cereals are also a good
source of the B vitamins.
Group 7:
Fats, oil, and butter.
Energy function. Calories should
come from this group as well as the previous one because of the
different elements contained in each of these groups. This group
is rich in lyposoluble vitamins.
The objective of this article is to provide
information on a balanced, varied, and
healthy diet, such as the Mediterranean
one, by detailing what is known as the food
pyramid.
Causes of obesity
According to the World Health Organiza-
tion (WHO), sedentary lifestyles and fat-rich
diets are the two main reasons for the in-
crease in the rate of cardiovascular disea-
ses, diabetes, obesity, and certain types of
cancer in current society.
In Spain, although there has been a growing
trend in the consumption of fruits, there has
been a slight reduction in the consumption
of vegetables, a sharp drop in cereals, a
slight increase in the consumption of olive
oil, milk and dairy products, fish, seafood,
and a drop in the consumption of wine, li-
queurs, and beer and a significant increase
e l l _ b e i n g